A brief overview of the conventions used in wiring diagrams

Graphic

As for the graphic designation of all the elements used in the diagram, we will provide this review in the form of tables in which the products will be grouped by purpose.

In the first table you can see how electrical boxes, panels, cabinets and remotes on electrical circuits are marked:

The next thing you should know is the symbol of the supply sockets and switches (including walk-throughs) on single-line schemes of apartments and private houses:

As for the lighting elements, fixtures and lamps according to GOST indicate as follows:

In more complex circuits where electric motors are used, elements such as:

It is also useful to know how transformers and inductors are graphically indicated on principle circuit diagrams:

Electrical appliances in accordance with GOST have the following graphic designation in the drawings:

And here, by the way, is a table that is useful for beginning electricians, which shows what the ground loop looks like on the wiring plan, as well as the power line itself:

In addition to this, on the diagrams you can see a wavy or straight line, “+” and “-”, which indicate the type of current, voltage and pulse shape:

In more complex automation circuits, you may come across strange graphic notations, such as contact connections. Remember how these devices are indicated on electrical circuits:

In addition, you should be aware of how radio elements look on projects (diodes, resistors, transistors, etc.):

That's all conventionally graphic designations in electrical circuits of power circuits and lighting. As you yourself have already seen, there are quite a few components and you can remember how each is designated only with experience. Therefore, we recommend that you save all these tables so that when reading the project for planning the wiring of a house or apartment, you can immediately determine what kind of circuit element is in a certain place.

Interesting video on the topic:

Alphabetic

We already told you how to decipher the marking of wires and cables. In single-line wiring diagrams, there are also letters that make it clear what is included in the network. So, according to GOST 7624-55, the letter designation of the elements on the electrical diagrams is as follows:

1. The relay of current, voltage, power, resistance, time, intermediate, index, gas and time delay, respectively - RT, RN, RM, RS, RV, RP, RU, RG, RTV.
2. KU - control button.
3. KV - limit switch.
4. KK - command controller.
5. PV - limit switch.
6. DG is the main engine.
7. DO - engine of the cooling pump.
8. DBH - the engine of high speeds.
9. DP - feed engine.
10. DSH - spindle motor.

In addition, in the domestic marking of elements of radio engineering and electrical circuits, the following letter designations are distinguished:

This concludes the brief overview of symbols in electrical circuits. We hope that now you know how sockets, switches, lamps and other circuit elements are indicated on the drawings and plans of residential premises.

Also read:

• How the magnetic starter works
• What are the electrical circuits
• How to calculate the amount of cable for electrical wiring